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KMID : 0382619830030010037
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Hanyang Journal of Medicine
1983 Volume.3 No. 1 p.37 ~ p.58
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Effects of Smoking and Nicotine on Blood Pressure, Total Plasma Cholesterol and Triacylglycerol Levels in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR)
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Abstract
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It is generally agreed that nicotine is one of the major ingredients of tobacco smoke which is responsible for inducing various responses of different structures and systems of the body. The pharmacological actions of nicotine have intensively been studied especially since cigarette smoking was claimed to be hazardous to our health.
However, it has been known that pharmacology of nicotine is quite complex not only because nicotine exerts its action on a number of sites, both peripheral and central but also because it has both stimulant and depressant phases of action.
Numerous responses to cigarette smoking or administration of, nicotine include changes in cortical activities accompanied often by desynchronization of EEG, tremors or spasms of skeletal muscle resulting from activation of the limbic system or the motor area, enhancement of vasopressin secretion, change in blood sugar level, alteration of respiration, reduction of coagulation time and elevation of plasma lipid levels, etc.
Nicotine is also known to cause changes in cardiovascular functions such as cardiac contractility, cardiac output, heart rate and blood pressure. However, the results of studies on the effects of smoking and nicotine on the blood pressure are often contradictory. Little is known on the effects of smoking or nicotine on blood pressure and plasma lipid level in SHR.
Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate changes in blood pressure, plasma total cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in SHR at labile phase following smoking and nicotine administration. Also studied were effects of low (3.0mg/kg/day) and high (5.8mg/kg/day) doses of nicotine on blood pressure, total cholesterol and TAG levels of SHR at established phase.
The results obtained are as follows;
1. In SHR at labile phase cigarette smoking and nicotine (3.5mg/kg/day) enhanced development of hypertension significantly from 4th week to 20 weeks and 16 weeks respectively.
2. As compared with the control group total plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels were elevated in both cigarette smoking and nicotine groups.
3. In SHR at established phase it was observed that low and high doses of nicotine further aggravated hypertension.
4. In low and high doses nicotine administered groups, total plasma cholesterol and triacyl-glycerol levels were increased significantly compared with those of control group.
From the results of present study it was strongly indicated that cigarette smoking and nicotine elevate blood pressure, total plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in SHR also.
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